With the impending Facebook IPO crowding out just about any other news in my Google alert these days, I’ve got private companies on my mind. I don’t have anything to add on the Facebook IPO, but there has been an interesting development recently relating to accounting standards for private companies.
Debate Rages Over Private Company Accounting There is apparently a heated debate in the accounting community (specifically between the Financial Accounting Foundation, which oversees the FASB, and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants) over whether the FASB should have oversight of accounting standards for private companies. So much so that the AICPA put together the Blue-Ribbon Panel on Standard Setting for Private Companies (is that the BRPSSPC? what exactly is a blue-ribbon panel, anyway? I thought it was something related to 4H or maybe beer…) to evaluate the matter and make recommendations. In response to the panel’s recommendations, the FAF has proposed creating the Private Company Standards Improvement Council, which would review current US GAAP to determine whether exceptions or modifications should be made for private companies.
Any suggestions made by the PCSIC (is that pronounced “pic-sic”?) would be subject to approval by the FASB. The problem with this, however, is that the Blue-Ribbon Panel recommended creating a completely separate, independent entity that wouldn’t be beholden to the FASB. The AICPA seems to be vehemently opposed to any approach where the FASB still has authority over the standards for private companies, and has threatened to take their toys and go home to create their own standards setting authority if the FAF proceeds with its proposal. (See “AICPA Turns Up Volume on Call for Independent Board,” Matthew Lamoreaux, Journal of Accountancy, October 18, 2011.)
I have no idea what this might mean for how private companies account for stock compensation, but I can definitely think of a few things I’d like to change about ASC 718 if I were a private company. (Ok, heck, I can think of some things I’d like to change even if I were a public company. In fact, let’s just scrap the whole standard.) It does surprise me that when the rest of the world seems to be focused on convergence, we are actually considering bifurcating our accounting standards here in the U.S. Kind of seems like the wrong direction…
Why Can’t Public Companies Do This?
Now, I imagine some of you that work for public companies are thinking: “Hey! Wait a minute here. If private companies can ignore the FASB and create their own standards setting organization, why can’t we?” Private companies can do this because, for the most part, their financial statements aren’t filed with the SEC, which requires the statements to be prepared in accordance with GAAP as determined by the FASB. Since private companies don’t file their financial statements with the SEC, they don’t have to follow the SEC’s rules (at least with respect to financial statements–there are other securities laws they still have to comply with, more on this in a future blog). And, other than the authority vested in FASB by the SEC, there’s no law that says that FASB is the supreme ruler of GAAP. So private companies can do whatever they want with their financial statements, so long as any investors and lenders that might want to review their financials are willing to accept them. Public companies, however, are still stuck with the FASB, unless you can somehow convince the SEC to let you do what you want, too. Good luck with that.
NASPP “To Do” List We have so much going on here at the NASPP that it can be hard to keep track of it all, so I keep an ongoing “to do” list for you here in my blog.
The SEC released a Statement last Wednesday addressing many of the concerns raised during the comments period for the proposed Roadmap for transitioning U.S. issuers to a high-quality global accounting standard, presumably IFRS. Although the SEC confirmed its commitment to an impending convergence and adoption of a single set of global accounting standards, the SEC really appears to have taken a serious look at the potential impediments to adopting IFRS as a single global accounting standard.
More Time
In the 2008 proposed Roadmap, the SEC set 2011 as the date when a determination will be made on the viability of adopting IFRS for U.S. issuers; and last week’s Statement keeps 2011 as the target date for that determination. What has changed is that the original Roadmap would have required, should the 2011 determination be made if favor of transition, the adoption of IFRS starting in 2014. This date is pushed out to 2015 as the earliest adoption date (pending the determination).
Preparing for a Determination
The milestones set by the proposed Roadmap are still in place as a baseline requirement for the SEC to make its 2011 determination. In addition, the SEC Statement stresses that convergence between FASB and IFRS will be an essential step in preparing for a determination. What this new Statement expands on is additional preparation by way of a Work Plan designed to position the SEC to make a solid determination. This Work Plan clearly reflects the SECs commitment to addressing concerns raised in the comments on the Roadmap. The Work Plan delves into analyzing the viability of IFRS as a high-quality global accounting standard and also evaluating the potential benefits and costs associated with U.S. adoption. Specifically, through the Work Plan, SEC staff will strive to:
Determine if IFRS is sufficiently developed and consistently applied;
Ensure that global accounting standards are independently set and are for the benefit of investors;
Provide investor understanding and education on IFRS;
Examine how a change in accounting standards will impact U.S. regulatory environment;
Determine full impact on issuers (both large and small);
Establish the readiness of U.S. financial statement preparers and auditors to make the conversion to IFRS.
Reactions
Although concerns over the viability of IFRS adoption in the U.S. are still prevalent, there is a general consensus that an international accounting standard is desirable, even inevitable. The Work Plan outlined in the SEC’s Statement was well-received, even if there are still major roadblocks to be overcome. There’s a lot to be done before next year’s determination is made to get not only the SEC, but also U.S. issuers and investors ready!
In a prepared speech, SEC Commissioner Luis A. Aguilar expressed some concerns around IFRS, including potential discretion afforded to financial statement preparers under IFRS, the ability to audit and enforce IFRS-based accounting standards, and whether or not adopting IFRS is ultimately in the best interest of investors.
The AICPA issued a statement supporting the move to a global accounting standard, but also urging the SEC to provide a certain date for IFRS adoption.
In a press release, CAQ Director Cindy Fornelli expressed her support and commitment to work with the SEC on carrying out the Work Plan.
FEI issued a statement applauding the SEC for developing the Work Plan.
More Information on IFRS
Although the SEC isn’t ready to say for certain if IFRS will ultimately be the “high-quality global accounting standard” that both the Roadmap and the Statement call for, it is certain that continued convergence between U.S. GAAP and IFRS will be ongoing. In addition, U.S. companies with overseas subsidiaries may need to adopt IFRS before any general transition, at least for the subsidiary. If you want to learn more about IFRS, check out our recorded webcast, “The Race to IFRS-Don’t be Left Behind”, the “IFRS–A Lesson in Implementation” session materials from our 2009 Conference (under Accounting, Auditing and Controls), and Deloitte’s guide to IFRS posted to our Document Library.
With so many proposed, pending, or newly finalized pieces of legislation right now, I feel a little overwhelmed trying to keep up. Fortunately, we have a couple great resources on our site to help me keep it all straight. First, there is the “Cheat Sheet” provided by OnSecurities.com (posted to the Say on Pay portal). There is also this article by Choate, which has a great chart that details the legislation and which parts of corporate governance it impacts.
Here are a couple of the latest developments, along with a little newsworthy item that caught my eye.
FASB Exposure Draft
As I’m sure you are all aware, the U.S. is moving toward the adoption of IFRS. Nobody is sure when we will adopt IFRS as the U.S. accounting standard, but we do occasionally see signs that progress is being made in that direction. The Exposure Draft issued by FASB on December 17th is a perfect example.
The Exposure Draft is a proposed clarification regarding companies that issue equity awards that are denominated in a foreign currency. If enacted, the amendment in this exposure draft won’t impact very many companies at all. This is because Topic 718 (formerly FAS123R) already addresses the more common situations of companies denominating their equity awards in a foreign currency: using the functional or the payroll currency of the foreign entity. The scenario missing from the current wording in Topic 718 is where a company denominates their equity awards in a currency that is neither the functional nor the payroll currency, but is instead the currency of the market in which a substantial amount of the company’s shares trade. This draft clarifies that such an award would also be considered an equity award, providing that it would otherwise qualify for equity treatment. (For more information, check out our alert.)
What FASB is attempting to do with the clarification offered in this proposed change to Topic 718 is create uniformity with respect to the expensing of certain equity awards. More importantly to me, however, is the fact that FASB specifically addresses how the proposed amendments compare with IFRS. The trouble is that neither Topic 718 nor IFRS currently specifically call out the situations in which this amendment would be applicable, but it is likely that if IFRS were to be updated to include this situation, it would be the same. This is because, as stated in the Exposure Draft, most companies currently reporting under IFRS already expense these awards as equity awards.
Facilitating Shareholder Director Nominations
The SEC recently reopened the comment period for the proposed rule, Facilitating Shareholder Director Nominations. The proposed rule is designed to empower certain shareholders (based on ownership thresholds and minimum holding periods) to influence (presumably to improve) corporate governance by means of introducing both director nominations and proposals to amend director nomination process or disclosure requirements.
Existing comments can be viewed here. One of the concerns being voiced are that the bar for determining which shareholders may submit nominations and proposals is set too low, which could potentially allow short-term investors (like hedge funds) to encourage inappropriate risk-taking. Another concern is the amount of time and energy boards may potentially need to divert from day-to-day business decisions in order to deal with the politicization of board elections.
Although it is unlikely that this rule, if adopted, would impact the daily responsibilities of most stock plan managers, it does highlight SEC efforts to create better corporate governance by giving shareholders more power to influence corporate business strategy. Maybe what it does mean for you stock plan managers out there is that it’s time to renew (or initiate) your relationship with your company’s investor relations group.
FAR Out!
I came across this interesting article in the Hedge Fund Law Report on the merits of granting hedge fund managers appreciation rights that would be similar to a stock appreciation right (although the article compares them to stock options), but track against the increase in the fund’s value.
Two things really struck me about this article. First, it’s encouraging and powerful to keep seeing the conviction that creating an ownership mentality improves the long-term success of a company by aligning employee interests with shareholder interests. Much like the Treasury Special Master’s determinations highlighted the preference of performance-based equity compensation over cash compensation, the idea of granting an appreciation right that pays out with the success of a hedge fund really highlights the importance of appropriate equity compensation as a motivating vehicle.
The second thing that really caught my eye is that the name “Fund Appreciation Right” (FAR) has actually been trademarked by a particular compensation administration company (Optcapital). So, it’s not that other administrators (or funds) can’t issue an equity vehicle that is in the form of an appreciation right; they just can’t call it a FAR. It makes me wonder what our conversations would sound like if someone had trademarked “stock option” or “restricted stock unit”, forcing each company to come up with their own nomenclature!
We have several fantastic webcasts planned between now and the end of April; two in January alone! All our webcasts are a complementary benefit provided to our members. Don’t miss out; renew today.
We have a lot of great new content on our NASPP site! I want to take the opportunity this week to let you know about some of the new features.
First, we have a new Quick Survey out on Global Stock Plans. Don’t forget to take a moment and complete this survey! It’s your opportunity to find out how other companies are dealing with some of the more difficult issues with global stock plans.
New Portals:
The NASPP portals provide a way to find consolidated information on the issues that matter most in stock plan management. Today, we have 26 portals listed; expect to see more in the future! You can access the NASPP portals from the list on the lower left side of the homepage, or through the drop-down menu on the navigation bar at the top of the site. The newest additions to our list of portals are:
Incentive Stock Options: Need a quick reference on the grant requirements for ISOs? Want to find the latest on Section 6039 Information Statements? The Incentive Stock Options portal not only has the comprehensive NASPP article on ISOs, it has final ISO regulations, articles, surveys, and sample documents.
Say on Pay: The Treasury, Congress, and the SEC have all proposed some form of say on pay requirements for companies. Our new Say on Pay Portal contains the proposed regulations along with memos and analysis on each. You can also find sample proxy statements from companies that have already taken steps to add a shareholder vote on compensation practices.
Surveys & Studies: I’m sure you all know that the NASPP publishes all Quick Survey, Stock Plan Design and Administration Survey, and Salary Survey results in the Surveys section of the Member Area drop-down menu on the navigation bar. But, did you know that we also have available comprehensive surveys and studies conducted by some of the best names in the industry? We’ve put them all together for you in our new Surveys & Studies portal. We’ve arranged this portal in a three-tab format so that you can find the study or survey you’re looking for by topic, year produced, or by the company publishing the information.
Updated Portals:
In addition to adding new portals, we’ve also gone back and reorganized some of our existing ones so that new developments and content are easier to find. Check out the updated 409A/Deferred Compensation portals and Executive Compensation Disclosures portal!
New content:
Our latest alerts on stock plan management practices, legislative and regulatory development, and global stock plans are always available on the NASPP homepage as well the corresponding portal. These are a few of the most recent additions:
There have been a lot of changes in global stock plan management. Don’t get left behind; sign up to have the latest alerts from specific countries send directly to your e-mail. In the past month alone, we’ve posted multiple alerts on Australia, the European Union, Portugal, Ireland, India and China. Don’t forget that you can search our global stock plan alert archives by country.
We’re not done, yet! You won’t want to miss out on what we have in store for next year. Renew your NASPP membership for 2010. If you aren’t an NASPP member, take advantage of our special offer and join today!